Oil processing
Oil processing was included in v0.9 to Factorio. It introduced new types of pipes, as well as refinery, chemical plant and several products, a new tech-tree and the handling of liquids.
This is also the reason, why this docs are not complete yet. Please refer to the following pages:
Items
Pumpjacks : (20 TIME + 10* Pipe + 15* Steel Plate + 10* Iron Gear Wheel + 10* Electronic Circuit) Pumpjacks mine the crude oil from the oil spills, and let you carry it by Pipe as seen in the Liquid network/0.9
Oil Refinery : (20 TIME + 10* Pipe + 15* Steel Plate + 10* Stone Brick + 10* Iron Gear Wheel + 10* Electronic Circuit) Lets you turn 10* Crude oil into three products: 3*Heavy oil, 3*Light oil and 4*Petroleum gas. These byproducts cannot be packed into steel barrels and must be stored in a Storage Tank or pumped to a Chemical plant.
Chemical Plant : (10 TIME + 5* Pipe + 5* Steel Plate + 5* Iron Gear Wheel + 5* Electronic Circuit) Lets you turn Heavy oil into Lubricant (requirement for Electric engine), make Sulfur, Sulfuric Acid, Plastic (requirement for Advanced Electronic Circuits), Battery and turn any Oil byproducts into Solid fuel (a slightly more powerful variant of coal, and can be transported via normal inventory management.), and also Crack oil byproducts into other oil byproduct.
Technology
Oil Processing: (30 TIME + 1* Science Pack 1 + 1* Science Pack 2)*50 Allows the construction of Pumpjacks, Oil Refinery, Chemical Plant; and also the Basic oil Prossecing for prossecing Crude oil into its derivates (Heavy oil, Light oil and Petroleum gas), and the conversion of those into Solid fuel.
Fluid Handling: (30 TIME + 1* Science Pack 1 + 1* Science Pack 2)*75 Allows the construction of Storage Tank, Small Pump, and the creation, filling and emptying of Barrels. You can use Barrels to store and physically transport 25*Crude oil as a solid item, and later 'unpack' it back into a fluid form in Assembling Machine 2 or Assembling Machine 3. (Only with Crude Oil)
Advanced Oil Processing: (30 TIME + 1* Science Pack 1 + 1* Science Pack 2 + 1* Science Pack 3 )*75 Allows a new recipe for prossecing oil, and unlocks Cracking.
Sulfur Processing: (30 TIME + 1* Science Pack 1 + 1* Science Pack 2)*100 Allows the prossecing of Sulfur and Sulfuric acid. Necessary for reserching and building Battery.
Plastics: (30 TIME + 1* Science Pack 1 + 1* Science Pack 2)*100 Allows construction of Plastic (Intermidiate product)
Basic
Pumpjacks mine the Crude oil from the oil spills. Oil refinery processes the Crude oil to Oil fractions. Chemical plant processes the oil fractions to useful Oil products.